The facts
The Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 commits the United States to provide Taiwan with arms of a defensive character, without specifying quantities or types.
The State Department reported a backlog of more than $20 billion in approved but undelivered U.S. arms sales to Taiwan as of 2024.
Congress authorized up to $2 billion per year in Foreign Military Financing grants for Taiwan through fiscal year 2027 under the 2023 National Defense Authorization Act.
Taiwan's 2025 defense budget was approximately $19.7 billion, roughly 2.5% of its GDP, with proposals to raise it above 3%.
The People's Republic of China claims Taiwan as part of its territory and has not renounced the use of force to achieve unification.
Understand the issue
Civics quick read
Glossary
Taiwan Relations Act
A U.S. law from 1979 that says America will sell Taiwan weapons for self-defense, even though the U.S. officia
Glossary
Foreign Military Financing
U.S. government money given to allies so they can buy American weapons and military training, rather than payi
Civics
Should the U.S. increase military aid to Taiwan?
A look at the laws, dollars and strategic questions behind U.S. arms support for Taiwan.
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Should the United States increase military aid to Taiwan?
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