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Should the United States negotiate directly with Iran on its nuclear program?

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The facts

The 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) limited Iran's uranium enrichment to 3.67 percent for 15 years in exchange for sanctions relief.

The United States withdrew from the JCPOA in May 2018 and reimposed sanctions under a 'maximum pressure' campaign.

The International Atomic Energy Agency reported in 2024 that Iran had enriched uranium to 60 percent purity, near weapons-grade levels of 90 percent.

Supporters of direct talks argue diplomacy is the only verified path to constraining Iran's program; critics argue negotiations legitimize the regime and provide sanctions relief without ending enrichment.

The United States and Iran have not had formal diplomatic relations since 1980, and recent talks have been conducted indirectly through Oman and other intermediaries.

Understand the issue
Civics quick read
Glossary
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
A deal where Iran agreed to scale back its nuclear work in return for the lifting of sanctions that were hurti
Glossary
Maximum Pressure Campaign
A strategy of squeezing Iran's economy with sanctions to force its leaders back to the bargaining table on tou
Civics
Should the U.S. negotiate directly with Iran on its nuclear program?
A look at the history, stakes, and competing arguments behind U.S.-Iran nuclear diplomacy.
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Should the United States negotiate directly with Iran on its nuclear program?
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Live results — — voters
Yes — pursue a comprehensive agreement similar to the 2015 nuclear deal0%
Yes — but only with stricter terms on missiles and regional activity0%
No — maintain sanctions pressure and rely on indirect channels0%
No — pursue a strategy of containment and deterrence instead0%
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Full results — — votes
Your vote lines up with the current national reaction: most voters agree with you.
Yes — pursue a comprehensive agreement similar to the 2015 nuclear deal0%
Yes — but only with stricter terms on missiles and regional activity0%
No — maintain sanctions pressure and rely on indirect channels0%
No — pursue a strategy of containment and deterrence instead0%